202	HAWAIIAN  ISLANDS.
such assurances from the representatives of the leading powers of the 
world and from our own ministers abroad as leads to the conviction 
that the incorporation of the Hawaiian Islands into our Union will be 
regarded by these powers with satisfaction or ready acquiescence. 
Respectfully submitted.
JOHN W. FOSTER.
DEPARTMENT OF STATE,
Washington, February 15, 1893.
1	The United States of America and the Provisional Government
2	of the Hawaiian Islands, in view of the natural dependence of
3	those Islands upon the United States, of their geographical prox-
4	imity thereto, of the intimate part taken by citizens of the United
5	States in there implanting the seeds of Christian civilization, of the
6	long continuance of their exclusive reciprocal commercial relations
7	whereby their mutual interests have been developed, and the pre-
8	ponderant and paramount share thus acquired by the United
9	States and their citizens in the productions, industries and trade
10	of the said Islands, and especially in view of the desire expressed
11	by the said Government of the Hawaiian Islands that those Islands
12	shall be incorporated into the United States as an integral part
13	thereof and under their sovereignty, in order to provide for and
14	assure the security and prosperity of the said Islands, the High
15	Contracting Parties have determined to accomplish by treaty an
16	object so important to their mutual and permanent welfare.
17	To this end, the High Contracting Parties have conferred full
18	power and authority upon their respectively appointed Plenipoten-
19	tiaries, to wit:                          
20	The President of the United States of America, John W. Foster,
21	Secretary of State of the United States; and
22	The President of the Executive and Advisory Councils of the
23	Provisional Government of the Hawaiian Islands, Lorrin A. Thurs-
24	ton, William E. Castle, William C. Wilder, Charles L. Carter, and
25	Joseph Marsden;
26	And the said Plenipotentiaries, after having communicated to
27	each other their respective full powers, found in good and due form,
28	have agreed upon and concluded the following articles:
1	                                             ARTICLE I.
2       The Government of the Hawaiian Islands hereby cedes, from the
3   date of the exchange of the ratifications of this Treaty, absolutely

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